3 waves of Feminism Timeline (Additional Work)

1910 – 1920

-1918 Women over 30 are granted the right to vote in Britain.

-The Parliamentary Qualification of Women Act is passed, enabling

women to stand as MP.

1930s & 1940s

-1941 The National Service Act is passed introducing conscription for women. All unmarried women between the ages of 20 and 30 are called up for

war work.

1948 The introduction of the National Health Service (NHS) gives everyone free access to health care. Previously, only the insured, usually men,benefited.

1950s & 1960s

-1956 In Britain, legal reforms say that women teachers and civil servants should receive equal pay.

-1958 The Life Peerages Act entitles women to sit in the House of Lords for the first time.

-1964 The Married Women’s Property Act entitles a woman to keep half of any savings she has made from the allowance she is given by her husband.

-1965 Barbara Castle is appointed Minister of Transport, becoming the first female minister of state.

1970s & 1980s

-1970 Working women were refused mortgages in their own right as few women worked continuously. They were only granted mortgages if they could secure the signature of a male guarantor

-1975 The Sex Discrimination Act makes it illegal to discriminate against women in work, education and training. This is another act pushed through by the women’s movement.

-1981 Baroness Young becomes the first woman leader of the House of Lords.

-1985 The Equal Pay (Amendment) Act allows women to be paid the same as men for work of equal value.

1990s & 2000s

-1991The change to the tax regime allowed women more independence and

freedom from their husbands or partners.

-1994 Rape in marriage is made a crime after 15 years of serious campaigning by women’s organisations.

-2002 Parliament passes measures allowing lesbian and unmarried couples to adopt children.

-2005 In Northern Ireland, women’s voluntary and community organisations and their service users march to the headquarters of the Voluntary and Community Unit, Department of Social Development, to deliver a letter of protest about the funding crisis facing the Northern Ireland women’s voluntary and community sector. As a result of the protest, emergency funding is allocated and mass closures of women’s organisations are averted.

Applying theories to a film (Additional Work)

The Notebook- Theory Analysis

There are many theories that are linked into the movie “the notebook”. This movie is based In 1940s South Carolina, mill worker Noah Calhoun and rich girl Allie are desperately in love. But her parents don't approve.
 

One of the theories we see here is the “hypodermic needle theory”, this is shown by the media having a big influence to the audience in the movie. For example, they illustrate the couple falling in love despite their statuses. This gives out a message to us that everyone is equal and we should not be judged by our wealth.
 

Another theory is the “uses and gratification” as people may want to watch this movie for entertainment and to gain intellect of personal relationship’s as someone may be going through the same situation, therefore they can relate.
 

In addition, we can identity Todorov’s Narrative theory and the 5 stages are shown in the movie. For example, everyone was happy in the beginning, then a problem occurred which was the family getting involved in the relationship and finally ended with a good note.

The main theory portrayed is the “Binary Oppositions” founded by Levi-Strauss. This is clearly shown by the separation of statuses which is “poor vs rich” which in this case the girl is rich and the man is poor. Another binary opposition we can see is "male's vs females" in which the girl is more superior to the boy because she is well off and pretty. The effect this gives to the audience is that girls stereotypically get the attention of men because of their looks and can easily manipulate men.

Narrative and audience theories (Additional Work)

Theories

Hypodermic Needle Audience Theory:

= Beliefs, attitudes and ideas are used by the media to influence the audience. An example of this is shown by the BBC news illustrating the 9/11 attacks as a purposeful act done by a certain group. This was done by being melodramatic and using phrases such as “omg it happened again!” This is an example of how informal language can be used as a persuasive technique.
This is used today in many teenager movies to portray a message to them and help them in real life situations they have today. (e.g. Kidulthood)

Uses And Gratification Theory:

= These are the different reasons us as an audience watch certain programs. For example; diversion, personal identity, personal relationships and entertainment. For instance a person would watch “Neighbours” to gain intellect of personal relationships, this is because in our society we lack community spirit.

Todorov’s Narrative Theory:

= Todorov’s theory is that a story always has 5 stages which are; Equilibrium, Disruption, Recognition, Action and back to Equilibrium. We see these stages in many media texts such as the movie “Tangled”; here we see how happy she is in the beginning, then finds out that the witch isn’t her mother and she tries to escape from her. Then Flynn Rider helps her get to her real parents and therefore she is back to being happy again.

Propps Character Theory:

= Propp’s theory is very simple. He believes that every movie or book has a; hero, heroin, villain, the prize, the donor, dispatcher, helper and the king. We can relate this to the movie “Shrek” as this movie has the following characters; Shrek (hero), Fiona (heroin), The prince (villain), marrying Fiona (prize), farquaad (doner/dispatcher), Donkey (magical helper) and finally the King- Fiona’s father.

Levi-Strauss Theory:

= This theory was found by examining how stories unconsciously reflect the values, beliefs and myths of a culture. These are usually expressed in the form of “binary oppositions” For example 1970’s Western films

Homesteaders	Native Americans
Christian	Pagan
Domestic	Savage

Roland Barthes Theory:

= Barthes believed that you can control info through codes which are Enigma and Action codes. Enigma is teasing the audience with a puzzle and an action code is a narrative device by which a resolution is produced through an action. 

Intertextuality (Additional Work)

Psycho has been replicated by the Simpsons, which is shown through the scenes shown in both medias, the zoom in effect has been copied. This gives a funny effect to the audience as it reminds them from the original movie- psycho

Music Videos can also be replicated. An example is shown above, the outfit in Madonna Material Girl (1985) has been inspired by Gentleman Prefer Blondes (1963)

She has worn a similar outfit as well as postures copied. This attracts older people as they can relate to the original version. 

The movie Maleficent is a remake of the movie "Sleeping Beauty" which is a well known Disney movie. The story line has been copied but with a few twists to make the movie different. This attracts children to watch it, as well as the older teenagers who are a fan of Disney. In addition people who have already watched sleeping beauty and are a fan of the movie would want to watch the next movie.

Trailer Analysis (additional work)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76yBTNDB6vU

 

 

Magazine Mind Map

Introduction